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Old August 23rd, 2018 #101
Alex Him
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Published on July 18, 2018





0:45 - This is a hydro laboratory of the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. Here, training is conducted simulating the output to outer space. There is a feeling that it was here in this blue water that the concept of "sailing in weightlessness" arose.

1:33 - The decision to create a simulator to simulate weightlessness by means of water was taken after exit of Alexei Leonov into outer space. There was a possibility that the cosmonaut would not return to the spacecraft and die. The first test dive was on December 28, 1978.

1:55 - Being at the top, we can clearly see the structure of the hydro laboratory. As a basis for the construction of the basin was taken petroleum storage. Its dimensions corresponded to the dimensions of a model of the orbital station "Salyut".

Of 100 tons of stainless steel was made reservoir with:

diameter 23 meters;
depth of 12 meters;
volume of 5,000 cubic meters.


2:20 - Valery Kudryashov (head of the department): It is really an unique structure. It is the only place in the country where cosmonauts are trained to work in outer space. Here we use only the latest technologies and advanced equipment.

2:48 - On the platform of the laboratory in different years stood segments of the station "Salyut" and the complex "Mir". Now there are modules of the International Space Station.

3:00 - Alexander Kharlamov (diver specialist): In the laboratory, there were indeed all kinds of stations that flew: Salyut, Mir, ISS and even a fragment of a cabin of Buran.

3:17 - Every crew carries out their first exit "into outer space" here. Here even the aphorism arose "In order to successfully take off, it is necessary to dive deeper".

3:48 - Gennady Padalka (Cosmonaut): We train here to perform all the necessary actions. Therefore, it's easy and simple for us in outer space.

3:52 - Alexei Altunin (Deputy Head of the Cosmonaut Training Department): There are no more such pools where models could be lifted after work, serviced and prepared in the absence of water for the next workout. And the most important thing is that we have the opportunity to conduct a lesson with a cosmonaut without submerging. Before training, a cosmonaut can approach the model to look at its parts and touch it with his hands. This greatly reduces the time for training a cosmonaut and facilitates the learning process.

4:43 - The hydroanalog of the "Orlan" spacesuit is completely identical to it except that it is not autonomous. Water for the cooling water circuit, air for ventilation and breathing, all this is transmitted through the life support cable. It as an umbilical cord connects a cosmonaut with the laboratory.

5:01 - Peter Kosatikov (Lead Engineer): This is not a man pumping air through his breath. This ventilation does not enter the human lungs, it is the ventilation inside the spacesuit. Air enters the spacesuit and when breathing a person after work through the life-support cable goes into the atmosphere.

5:17 - At the beginning the air flow rate is 150 liters per minute. The air flow rate of an ordinary diver at such a depth is 40 liters per minute. Gradually, the air flow rate reaches 300 liters per minute as well as the deep-water diver. The reason for this is not depth, but mainly hard work.

5:56 - Inside the life-support cable there is telemetry and communication. All indicators are registered by the engineering department. This control is continuous.

6:05 - Irina Galkina (Head of the department): Our role in the hydro laboratory is the technical support. We understand that if we make a mistake or a malfunction in the work of technic, then we will break a great event. Therefore, our department performs its duties with great responsibility.

6:25 - Irina Galkina's father participated in the creation and design of the hydro laboratory. In the late 1970s when everything was built, he advised his daughter to continue his work.

6:37 - Irina Galkina (Head of the department): He said: "This is about the construction into which I put a huge piece of my life and my soul. And you, too, will be able to put your strength and your knowledge into this."

6:50 - Everything is shown on the monitors: temperature, oxygen consumption and well-being of astronauts from immersion to ascent.

6:59 - Irina Galkina (Head of the department): For me, the lines on the chart are not just lines. For me, these are the functional states of cosmonauts, their energy costs. For me this is not faceless information.

7:30 - Ivan Verba knows the parameters of each cosmonaut. In the first days of his stay in the hydro laboratory he personally tested the "Orlan" spacesuit here in the basin. Ivan Verba came to the hydro laboratory in the early 1980s. On the first day he saw an impressive immersion of cosmonauts.

7:59 - Ivan Verba (Lead Engineer): I remember all the crews that were here from the first dive of cosmonauts Vyacheslav Zudov and Boris Andreev and to the present crew.

8:20 - Dmitry Verba (head of the department): For me, the hydro laboratory is the largest part of my life. Each employee puts his soul into work and tries to do his job very qualitatively. It is here under water that cosmonauts begin their path to the outer space. And we try to make it safe for them.

8:43 - Dmitry Verba was born in Severomorsk. Like his father, he was a diver and he served in the army on a submarine. Then he transferred to the cosmonaut training center for the post of senior officer and stayed here forever.

8:57 - Ivan Verba (Lead Engineer): It is very good. I'm proud of my son. We solve the same problem. And my wife also works here on another simulator. And when we get together with the whole family, we usually talk about our work. So we are talking about work at work and we are talking about work at home.

9:33 - Dmitry Verba (head of the department): Here everything is thought out and tested. Each screw and every thing under water are tested. So when I come to work I understand that I know everything here. And it's good when you know everything about your work and can correctly tell about all things to the cosmonauts.

10:00 - A cosmonaut in a spacesuit weighs 200 kilograms. In the water, the mass of the spacesuit is not felt by the cosmonauts. A spacesuit "Orlan" is weighed to neutral buoyancy. And here begins a new world of hydro weightlessness.

10:15 - Alexei Altunin (Deputy Head of the Cosmonaut Training Department): A spacesuit itself is a small submarine. Divers hang lead things on a spacesuit. They are trying to achieve neutral buoyancy of a spacesuit. After that, a cosmonaut in a spacesuit hangs in the water. This is very difficult to achieve because the shells of the arms and legs of a spacesuit are soft. And because of the change in geometry, the place of application of force changes and the spacesuit tilts to the right or to the left. This can not be avoided completely, but we still need to strive for neutral buoyancy.

10:52 - Alexei Altunin has been working in the hydro laboratory for over 30 years. He was an instructor scuba diver for 20 years. Then he was the head of the divers. He believes that "Orlan" is the best spacesuit in the world of cosmonautics.

11:06 - Alexei Altunin (Deputy Head of the Cosmonaut Training Department): Work in the spacesuit is interesting from the point of view of managing it under water. It is in a state of neutral buoyancy. A person in the spacesuit experiences the sensations which he can not experience anywhere else on Earth. During the movement, only the hands are usually involved. This state of weightlessness is very exciting and I always want to come to be in it again. Now I do not fit in the spacesuit for different reasons. But I still want to wear it. And maybe someday I'll lose weight.

11:46 - On training, divers help a cosmonaut to move. They give him cargo, tools and equipment. In a real situation, a crew will be one on one with the space environment.

12:00 - Dmitry Verba (head of the department): Many cosmonauts after opening the hatch in space ask: "Where are the divers?" And of course they are a bit scared that there are no divers that can help them.

12:14 - Alexander Kharlamov (diver specialist): Cosmonauts who first flew into space positively responded to the experience that they received here. Some of them say that it is more difficult to work in space, others say that it is more difficult to work under water.

12:39 - Each enter of cosmonauts in the hydro cosmos is accompanied by about 100 specialists of different professions.

12:48 - Alexei Altunin (Deputy Head of the Cosmonaut Training Department): In the brigade that accompanies cosmonauts there are always 3 scuba divers. Still there is a specialist under water who carries out general supervision. Also there are specialists under water who are engaged in photography and video shooting. And there are scuba divers who observe the work of the equipment and pass instruments to cosmonauts. The minimum number is 7 people under water, but usually 10-12 people under water.

13:24 - In memory there is every dive especially the first dive.

13:30 - Alexander Krasnov (doctor of diving medicine): During the first training, about 6 meters of unpurified water was poured. It was cold and the room was cold too. So it was because we were freshly entering the mode of functioning and besides, we had to hurry. The duration of the training was 6 hours.

13:50 - Training became mandatory for the crews after the exit of Vladimir Lyakhov and Valery Ryumin in outer space in 1979. On the eve of the landing they left the station Salyut-6 to manually detach the antenna of the radio telescope.

14:09 - Ivan Verba (Lead Engineer): We do not have guarantees that the need to go into outer space will not be required for cosmonauts. You rememberl the episode when Lyakhov and Ryumin on 178 days of their flight were forced to go into outer space. They had to go out and unhook the antenna to save the station. But this their exit in a outer space was not planned. You remember another similar case. Repair of the combined propulsion system at Salyut-7 station. Leonid Kizim and Vladimir Solovyov made 5 exits in outer space and each of them lasted more than 5 hours. So there can be a variety of incidents. Therefore, all cosmonauts are trained here and receive the necessary skills.

15:12 - Svetlana Savitskaya was the first woman to perform training in a hydro laboratory. She was prepared for welding in outer space.

15:22 - Ivan Verba (Lead Engineer): It was in 1981 or in 1982. Savitskaya was the first and in her preparation there was some feature. According to the labor legislation, a woman was forbidden to lift a load of more than 18 kilograms, but the diving equipment weighed about 30 kilograms. This issue was solved very simply. I approached Grigory Beregovoi [In 1972-1987 he was the head of the Cosmonaut Training Center] with this question. He replied: "She is not a woman. She is a cosmonaut. So the requirements for her are the same as for all cosmonauts."

16:13 - Alexander Krasnov (doctor of diving medicine): Savitskaya is a woman with a strong character. Moreover, she has a masculine character. Therefore, she overcomes the resistance of other deputies in the State Duma. Training here she showed an example of perseverance and courage. She is a very worthy person. With all due respect to other cosmonauts, she is number one.

17:11 - Elena Serova, like all cosmonauts, also completed training in the hydro laboratory. She is the fourth woman cosmonaut of Russia.

17:26 - Ivan Verba (Lead Engineer): Serova also trained here. But it was very hard for her to train here because she has a low stature. A spacesuit is not very well suited for such a figure. Nevertheless, she completed the training for output to outer space.

18:00 - Valery Kudryashov (head of the department): When cosmonauts understand that in their flight is not planned the exit in outer space then they are often upset.

18:33 - The divers worked under the water repeating all the actions of the cosmonauts in orbit. This was called "simultaneous accompaniment of works."

18:47 - Valery Kudryashov (head of the department): Our specialists worked here simultaneously with cosmonauts in orbit. In the event of dangerous situations in orbit, our specialists could give recommendations directly to the Flight Control Center.

19:16 - Alexander Krasnov (doctor of diving medicine): We and our divers work simultaneously with the cosmonauts in orbit, even if this happens at night.

19:32 - Irina Galkina (Head of the department): These works began usually late in the evening and ended early in the morning. And all our team went to work, i.e. we at night watched all the indicators. These works were interesting because they were synchronized. Because we felt ourselves necessary for the cosmonauts.

20:21 - The underwater training is closely monitored by the doctors. Chief for diving medicine, Alexander Krasnov remembers all the crews and medical indicators of each cosmonaut.

20:33 - Alexander Krasnov (doctor of diving medicine): They are good fellows. Nobody of them the pulse above 100 impacts in a minute does not rise.

20:38 - Alexander Krasnov recalls how cosmonaut Leonid Kizim fatigue broke the dynamometers that measure the muscle tone of the hands.

20:51 - Alexander Krasnov (doctor of diving medicine): Among other things, we also measured the strength of them hands before training. For example, if a cosmonaut presses 100 kilograms without a glove, then in a glove he presses 45 kilograms. And after training, he can presses only 9 kilograms. He can not presses anything.

21:13 - Since the first days of the hydro laboratory, all systems have been tested by test divers. Checking of spacesuits was carried out continuously. The hero of Russia and the instructor of the center Victor Ren during each dive lost up to 5 kilograms of weight.

21:29 - Victor Ren (Hero of Russia, Deputy Head of the Cosmonaut Training Center): During the various experiments, our health, our condition, the strength of our muscles, muscle mass, etc. were checked. I squeezed 80 kilograms with my right hand, and squeezed 85 kilograms with my left hand. And after training, I could squeeze 2-3 kilograms with my right hand and I could squeeze 5 kilograms with my left hand. After training, we were all exhausted. But it was very interesting experiments due to which the system is now working brilliantly.

22:02 - The hydro laboratory is one of the serious tests for the beginners from the cosmonaut detachment. Diving preparation is a compulsory subject of study for all. There were cases when it was here that the fate of the candidate for cosmonauts was decided. It was here that it became clear whether he could work in outer space.

22:20 - Alexander Krasnov (doctor of diving medicine): Guys, take care of yourself! Rock your hands and your shoulders. Because the legs in space are not needed (I'm kidding of course). There you need hands, arms and shoulders because all movement in space is due to the strength of hands.

22:38 - The main task of divers is to ensure the safety of cosmonauts during training under the water. During training, they constantly change the depth. In this mode of lifting and immersion, they work for hours.

22:51 - Ivan Verba (Lead Engineer): During the work of the hydro laboratory 262 people were trained here. And we know that all cosmonauts without exception have the qualification of a diver. To work underwater you need to know first of all the physiology and safety rules. I keep repeating one phrase: "Water does not like to forgive your mistakes."

23:31 - Each action of cosmonauts is according to the cyclogram. What the astronauts will learn under water, they will use during the spacewalk.

24:00 - Today, the head of training is Maxim Zaitsev. Before taking the position, he was a diver instructor.

24:12 - Maxim Zaitsev (Lead Engineer): We also put on spacesuits, we sink into the water and we carry out tasks in order to understand all this. After all, in order to be able to explain it is necessary to understand very well what is going on. It's one thing to know something in theory and it's quite another matter to have an idea of how this happens in practice.

24:28 - For the first time, Maxim visited the laboratory more than 25 years ago. He still preserved in his heart the romance of the two elements of water and space.

24:37 - Maxim Zaitsev (Lead Engineer): I stood upstairs and I as a tourist watched what was happening in the water. Then it seemed to me that there is something out of the reach for me that was like a fantastic movie.

24:54 - At depth, cosmonauts fasten handrails for movement, change the antenna, pull cables for scientific equipment.

25:10 - The training is completed. The head of the training gave the order to rise. One of the most experienced cosmonauts Gennady Padalka trained like all other cosmonauts. He believes that during the exits to outer space, records are not important, and that the shorter the time the cosmonaut is in outer space, the better, but the main thing is to execute the program.

25:30 - Victor Ren (Hero of Russia, Deputy Head of the Cosmonaut Training Center): He spent only 31 hours during nine exits in outer space. It is an indicator of his high skill. This is because he does not hesitate to immerse himself in the water environment. If he have to dive under water 10 times, then he will make 10 dives.

25:47 - Gennady Padalka (Cosmonaut): The thing that took me 31 hours, other cosmonauts would take 9 * 6, this is 54 hours. Water is the environment closest to zero gravity where we can provide neutral buoyancy for a spacesuit.

26:16 - In March 1965, cosmonaut Alexei Leonov was the first among earthmen to see our planet not in the porthole of a spaceship, but through the glass of his spacesuit.

26:30 - Alexei Leonov (Twice Hero of the Soviet Union, cosmonaut): And when I broke away from the spacecraft I took a step into the abyss I was feeling some pressure inside of me. The stars were both to the left and to the right and above and below from me. And I was among the stars. Gradually, everything in me calmed down and I realized that I am a part of this gigantic world.

27:00 - 19 years after Alexei Leonov in July 1984, Svetlana Savitskaya was the first a woman cosmonaut, who exit in outer space. Anatoly Soloviev has performed 16 exits in outer space. His record is still not surpassed. In the winter of 2018, cosmonauts Alexander Misurkin and Anton Shkaplerov performed the longest exit in outer space. They worked more than 8 hours. No expedition to the ISS can do without activities in outer space. A repair, further construction of the ISS and scientific experiments require the participation of people clad in spacesuits.

27:50 - Fedor Yurchikhin (Hero of Russia, cosmonaut): This is the hydro space. Work under water is harder than working in outer space. It's harder because here we learn, but in outer space we use our experience. In addition, there is no hydro resistance in space, but here it is exist. In space, you can rotate your spacesuit the way you want, but here there are some features for rotating a spacesuit in the water. But I repeat: "After hard trainings, we easily feel in battle." [This is a quote from Alexander Suvorov Generalissimo of Russia]

28:20 - Scientists believe that even in our solar system, the satellites of Jupiter, Neptune and Saturn are covered with ice and water. And if scientific forecasts are confirmed then the trainings in the hydro cosmos here on Earth will become necessary for the development of deep space.





__________________
Where should they dig the Very Deep Pit?
Piglet said that the best place would be somewhere where a Heffalump was, just before he fell into it, only about a foot farther on.
(c) Alan Alexander Miln

Last edited by Alex Him; August 28th, 2018 at 02:39 AM.
 
Old August 23rd, 2018 #102
Ray Allan
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Both Soviet and American space programs adopted the neutral buoyancy tank method to train for EVA after Leonov's first spacewalk where his suit overinflated and almost didn't make back inside his spaceship and Eugene Cernan on the second US spacewalk during the Gemini 9 mission where he overexerted and overheated himself and was nearly killed. Since water training to simulate weightlessness was adopted, nearly all EVAs have had a 100 percent success rate.

Also the "Vomit Comet" aircraft are used to create brief periods of actual weightlessness by flying a special parabolic maneuver.
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Old August 28th, 2018 #103
Alex Him
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Ray Allan View Post
Both Soviet and American space programs adopted the neutral buoyancy tank method to train for EVA after Leonov's first spacewalk where his suit overinflated and almost didn't make back inside his spaceship and Eugene Cernan on the second US spacewalk during the Gemini 9 mission where he overexerted and overheated himself and was nearly killed. Since water training to simulate weightlessness was adopted, nearly all EVAs have had a 100 percent success rate.

Also the "Vomit Comet" aircraft are used to create brief periods of actual weightlessness by flying a special parabolic maneuver.
Ray, thanks for the expert comment
I finally finished translating the video "Immersion in weightlessness."





Published on August 9, 2018





Roskosmos today is:

0:09 - 4 cosmodrome for Russian rockets,

0:15 - one of the world's best terrestrial infrastructures,

0:21 - talented engineers and designers,

0:33 - detachment of experienced cosmonauts.


0:49 - Russia is one of the world leaders in the field of launching of civilian carrier rockets.


Today's promising projects:

1:00 - manned spacecraft "Federation" for flights to the Moon,

1:11 - new carrier rockets "Soyuz-5" and "Angara-A5",

1:21 - global satellite system "Sfera",

1:26 - the creation of a launch complex for a heavy-class rocket "Angara" at the "Vostochny" cosmodrome,

1:34 - superheavy rocket for long-range space flight,

1:42 - scientific city "Tsiolkovsky" in the Far East (the center of the attraction of science and technology).


Cosmonautics today is:

1:53 - development of the domestic market of space products and services,

2:01 - Information and navigation support and space monitoring,

2:10 - digital economy,

2:18 - development of high-tech and knowledge-intensive sectors of the economy,

2:28 - centers of competence in the use of space activities,

2:37 - improving the efficiency of state and regional governance.


2:53 - The future today is the cosmos in every region and cosmos in every home.





__________________
Where should they dig the Very Deep Pit?
Piglet said that the best place would be somewhere where a Heffalump was, just before he fell into it, only about a foot farther on.
(c) Alan Alexander Miln
 
Old August 28th, 2018 #104
Alex Him
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Published on August 14, 2018





The launch is scheduled for October 2018 from the Baikonur cosmodrome.








Published on August 15, 2018










Published on August 16, 2018





__________________
Where should they dig the Very Deep Pit?
Piglet said that the best place would be somewhere where a Heffalump was, just before he fell into it, only about a foot farther on.
(c) Alan Alexander Miln
 
Old August 30th, 2018 #105
Alex Him
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Published on August 16, 2018





0:10 - Flights to the ISS, testing a new manned spacecraft, expeditions to the Moon's orbit and then to its surface are the main goals in the Russian manned space program for the coming decades.

0:29 - Dmitry Rogozin (General Director of the state corporation Roskosmos): You will work not only on "Soyuz-MS" spacecrafts, but also on the spacecrafts of the new type "Федерация / Federation". New carrier rockets will also be used. Therefore, the tasks that will be put before you are completely other tasks of cosmonautics.

0:46 - A new recruiting of cosmonauts ended in Roskosmos. In the final there were 8 people. More than a year and a half applicants moved to their goal. Last year, 420 applications were filed, including from women. But they could not get to the final.

1:03 - Pavel Vlasov (Hero of Russia, Head of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center): I can say that the requirements for applicants were quite traditional. Nevertheless, none of the women was able to pass all these selection procedures by medical, psychological and professional parameters.

1:16 - Sergei Krikalyov (Hero of the USSR and Hero of Russia, Executive Director for manned space programs of Roskosmos): In order to get into the cosmonaut detachment the main thing is the determination and desire to be an cosmonaut. And a percentage of women who want to be an cosmonaut less than men. The last time in recruiting, one woman was in the cosmonaut detachment, but in this recruiting, no woman could do it. Let's see what will happen during next recruiting.

1:38 - For those who wanted to get into the cosmonaut detachment, the most difficult in the first stage was to collect the necessary documents, they took more than 50 documents. If the applicant in the beginning lacked physical fitness or certain knowledge, then he had the opportunity to improve them.

2:00 - Konstantin Borisov (Candidate for the cosmonaut detachment): I had to run a lot and train strength, sit-ups and сhin-ups. Because there is a demand to сhin-ups 14 times, and I was able to сhin-ups only 4 times in the beginning. Then I planned a workout that in the course of half a year several times a week to сhin-ups and bring the number of сhin-ups to 14 times. And so I did with all the other elements of preparation.

2:19 - Now the Russian cosmonaut Sergei Prokopiev works on the ISS. He was a military pilot before. In 2011, he was able to be recruited into the cosmonaut detachment. Sergei Prokopiev commander of the "Soyuz" spacecraft and engineer on the ISS.

2:46 - In this recruiting among the finalists there is Evgeni Prokopiev. He is the younger brother of Sergei Prokopiev. He is an engineer of the space rocket corporation Energia. He dreamed of the cosmos since childhood and systematically moved towards his goal.

3:02 - Evgeni Prokopiev (Candidate for the cosmonaut detachment): I became an employee of the space rocket corporation "Energia" because I decided to become a cosmonaut. This I dreamed of in my childhood and in my youth when I studied at the Alexander Mozhaysky Military Space Academy and when I served at a cosmodrome. Then, when I was ready for this, I decided to join the cosmonaut detachment.

3:23 - The Soyuz-26 spacecraft. Its crew is composed of the commander of the spaceship, Lieutenant-Colonel Romanenko

3:29 - In the history of Russian cosmonautics there were already dynasties of cosmonauts consisting of father and son. Yuri Romanenko and Roman Romanenko. Alexander Volkov and Sergei Volkov.

3:53 - Sergei Krikalyov (Hero of the USSR and Hero of Russia, Executive Director for manned space programs of Roskosmos): In my first flight there was a more experienced cosmonaut Alexander Volkov who helped me to master the skills of the cosmonaut's profession. Later his son came to the detachment and at some point we were with him together in the crew. I had to transfer to Sergei those skills and experience that I received during my past flights.

4:17 - It's possible that there will be space brothers who can be together in the crew.

4:25 - Pavel Vlasov (Hero of Russia, Head of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center): I believe that the brothers will very strongly motivate each other. The elder brother can give the younger brother a stimulating kick when he feels that something needs to be corrected. And for a younger brother this is always an incentive to get to the heights on which is his older brother.

4:40 - Sergei Krikalyov (Hero of the USSR and Hero of Russia, Executive Director for manned space programs of Roskosmos): Now one of the brothers is in orbit and he gets practical experience. We form crews which consist of experienced cosmonauts and inexperienced cosmonauts. It is quite possible that at some point the brothers will fly together

4:50 - Evgeni Prokopiev (Candidate for the cosmonaut detachment): Our parents also dreamed of being cosmonauts in their childhood. They flew together and they jumped with a parachute. So we realize the dreams and hopes of our parents.

5:00 - The next recruitment to the cosmonaut detachment is planned to be held until 2020. After that, the detachment will be completely filled in for several years. Future flights into space beyond the Earth's orbit will require more autonomy from members the crew. The detachment will be open to representatives of other professions, and not just for engineers and pilots. It will be open to doctors, biologists, chemists, physicists and astronomers.

5:24 - Sergei Krikalyov (Hero of the USSR and Hero of Russia, Executive Director for manned space programs of Roskosmos): We plan to fly beyond the low Earth orbit. I believe that these guys will take part in future programs of long-distance flights.

5:34 - Konstantin Borisov (Candidate for the cosmonaut detachment): Now our age is 32 years or 34 years. In principle, until the age of 50, we will be cosmonauts. I understand that my first flight will be for gaining experience and in order to be held professionally. My next flight may be a flight to the Moon and this is my dream.

5:46 - Training for new recruits of space will begin in autumn. Their preparation will last for two years. Then there will be exams and they will wait for their appointment to the crew.

6:00 - Pavel Vlasov (Hero of Russia, Head of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center): We frightened applicants at the competitive commission: "Now you live freely, and when you are in the detachment, then you will have very many restrictions. And you will have to work very hard."
But Yuri Malenchenko [Russian cosmonaut and head of one of the departments of the Cosmonaut Training Center] told them this great thing is worth these restrictions. And believe me it's really worth it to fight for it and dedicate it to your whole life.










Published on August 20, 2018





0:09 - The cosmos is infinite but it has a beginning.

0:20 - Space begins on Earth.

0:24 - Center for operation of space ground-based infrastructure (TsENKI)

0:28 - The Center unites enterprises whose purpose is to ensure the space activities of the Russian Federation.


TsENKI this is:

0:38 - Design bureau of transport and chemical engineering (work with high-boiling components of rocket fuel and compressed gases of carrier rocket and spacecraft),

0:44 - Viktor Kuznetsov Scientific Research Institute of Applied Mechanics (gyroscopic instruments and inertial navigation equipment for rocket, aviation and marine technic),

0:52 - Design Bureau "Motor" (heavy-duty transport-technological units, equipment for assembling, prelaunch preparation and testing of rocket technic),

0:59 - Space center "Vostochny" (coordination and organization of works of enterprises at the cosmodrome "Vostochny"),

1:06 - Space center "Yuzhniy" (coordination and organization of works of enterprises at the cosmodrome "Baikonur"),

1:13 - Technical and author supervision (ensuring the implementation of the state defense order),

1:20 - Center for Elimination of Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (all types of work on the maintenance of intercontinental ballistic missiles),

1:27 - Vladimir Barmin Scientific Research Institute of Launch Complexes (creation and maintenance of surface, sea and air based missile and rocket systems),

1:34 - Guiana Space Center (coordination and organization of works of enterprises at the cosmodrome "Kourou" in French Guiana),


1:41 - TsENKI. Cosmodromes of Russia.





__________________
Where should they dig the Very Deep Pit?
Piglet said that the best place would be somewhere where a Heffalump was, just before he fell into it, only about a foot farther on.
(c) Alan Alexander Miln
 
Old August 31st, 2018 #106
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Published on August 20, 2018





0:08 - Roskosmos presents:


0:12 - Sergei Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation "Energia"

0:21 - Fitting.

1:47 - Docking with the ISS.

2:31 - Assembly of the Soyuz spacecraft.

3:43 - The launch of nanosatellite.

4:12 - "Federation" is a new generation spacecraft.


4:49 - Semen Lavochkin Scientific and Production Association

4:57 - Lunar program.

5:40 - Astrophysical Observatory "Spektr-R"

5:48 - Astrophysical Observatory "Spektr-UF"

5:53 - Astrophysical Observatory "Spektr-M"

6:04 - Hydrometeorological spacecraft "Elektro-L #1" - 14.5 degrees west longitude;
Hydrometeorological spacecraft "Elektro-L #2" - 76 degrees east longitude.

6:07 - Hydrometeorological spacecraft "Elektro-L".

6:30 - Program "Laplace". Study of Ganymede satellite of Jupiter.

6:55 - Automatic interplanetary station "Venera-D".

7:27 - Astrophysical Observatory "Spektr-RG".

7:46 - Assembling of the automatic interplanetary station "Luna-Glob".


8:04 - TsENKI (Center for operation of space ground-based infrastructure). Cosmodromes of Russia.

8:13 - The cosmodrome "Vostochny".

8:58 - Assembling of a carrier rocket in the Mounting and Testing Building.

9:22 - Complex of equipment for measuring, collecting and processing information.

11:07 - The first launch from the cosmodrome "Vostochny".

11:41 - Spacecraft of Earth remote sensing "Aist-2D".


11:52 - The original name "All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Electromechanics". Now it's called Andronik Iosifyan Scientific and Production Corporation "Space monitoring systems, information and control electromechanical complexes".

12:00 - Scientific spacecraft "Lomonosov".

12:05 - Spacecraft of Earth remote sensing "Kanopus".

12:20 - Test station for space vehicles.

13:21 - Assembling of the scientific spacecraft "Lomonosov".

13:49 - The launch of the spacecraft "Aist-2D" and "Lomonosov" into orbit.


14:18 - Nikolai Pilyugin Scientific and Production Center for Automation and Instrumentation.

14:26 - Creation and testing of control units of a carrier rocket.

15:46 - Testing of high-precision inertial gyroscope.


16:20 - Scientific Research Institute of Precision Instruments.

16:26 - Mobile measuring device.


17:02 - Sergey Afanasyev Scientific and Production Association "Tekhnomash".

17:10 - Development of unique equipment for the production of rockets and space technologies.


18:21 - Valentin Glushko Scientific and Production Association "Energomash".

20:13 - Liquid rocket engine RD-191:

- height is 4 meters,

- weight is 2200 kilograms,

- thrust (in vacuum) is 212 tons,

- the pressure in the combustion chamber is 262 of the atmosphere,

- temperature is 3,500 degrees Celsius.



Music:

Future World Music - "Flying High"
Future World Music - "Underworld"
Future World Music - "Poetry in Motion"
Future World Music - "Electric Touch"










Published on August 23, 2018










Published on September 15, 2015





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Old October 13th, 2018 #107
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These videos are taken from the channel where there are fragments of programs taken from the Soviet television.





0:01 - Yuri Gagarin: My most cherished dream is to fly into space many times if my health condition and my abilities allow me to do it. I would like to fly to other planets. However, I understand that as long as my friends do not fly there, I will not be allowed to fly there. But, when it's my turn, I will fly there with great pleasure. In order not to waste time in vain, I try to get as much knowledge as possible. I do this in order to make the best possible use of this knowledge in my future flights.

0:45 - Anchorperson: Yuri Alekseevich, in the beginning I congratulated you on my behalf, but I think I made a mistake, because all the viewers who can see you right now of course join to my congratulations. So let me heartily congratulate you once again on behalf of all the viewers who now see you.

1:04 - Yuri Gagarin: Vasily Vasilyevich, thank you very much! Let me thank you personally and all the viewers on whose behalf you congratulated me for your attention, for your congratulations and for your wishes. Thank you very much!








There is no sound in the next two videos.










I would call it more precisely The funeral of Yuri Gagarin and Vladimir Seryogin.

Vladimir Seregin was together with Gagarin in the fallen plane.


0:31-2:20 - I can not say exactly what it was. But I can make the following assumptions:

1) МССЗ is an abbreviation of the Moscow Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Plant.
2) The workers of this plant are shown here as representatives of all the grieving Soviet people.
3) Here we are shown the minute of silence introduced throughout the country as a sign of tragedy.


3:10 - We see the ceremony in Red Square, and not at any cemetery, because the urns with the ashes of Gagarin and Seryogin were placed inside the Kremlin wall.



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Where should they dig the Very Deep Pit?
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Old December 2nd, 2018 #108
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Default Soyuz MS-11 ready for launch

Soyuz MS-11 is scheduled for launch December 3, 2018 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the first manned mission to the International Space Station since the aborted Soyuz MS-10 launch on October 11, 2018. The crew consists of Roskosmos cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko, NASA astronaut Anne McClain and Canadian Space Agency astronaut David Saint-Jacques.

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Old December 3rd, 2018 #109
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Old January 11th, 2019 #110
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August 27, 2018 Sergei Konstantinovich Krikalev is 60 years old.





Published on August 27, 2018





0:09 - The pioneer of course always has more problems and more risk. The risk should be reasonable, conscious and limited, but there is nothing terrible about it. Of course, you can certainly put the question differently:

why do we need this risk? And if we go second it will be easier... Let's hide behind the backs of those who lead the way and we will play a secondary role.


0:34 - The first station Salyut was launched in 1971. Based on the experience that we got at the Salyut station, the Mir station was built. It has become the prototype of the future stations, the future ISS.

0:49 - "Six space missions: two to the Mir station, three to the ISS, one according to program the Space Shuttle STS-60"

0:51 - 2005: To be honest, I did not even count these days, but someone counted them and the total turned 803 days. My colleagues congratulated me on the fact that I was in flight over 800 days. We had dinner with the guys and one of them said: "By the way today you have the 800th day of the flight".

1:10 - Thinking about what to devote my life and my future working years in the mid-1970s, I decided that cosmonautics is interesting and I will go there regardless of whether I become a cosmonaut or Im not.

1:16 - "Space record holder. 803 days in orbit."

1:23 - 2006: If such a program as a flight to the moon or a flight to other planets or the construction of some new objects in space would require my experience and all the knowledge I gained in my previous flights, I would gladly join in such a program.

1:43 - "In 1991, he flew into orbit as a Soviet cosmonaut. In 1992, he returned to Earth as a Russian cosmonaut."

1:46 - When the decision was made that I should remain in orbit on another expedition, it was not even a directive, but more similar to a question for me: can I work during another expedition? It was perceived by me rather hard. I would compare it with a sports situation when a runner runs 5 kilometers, counting his strength on this distance, and then he is told: You are not running 5 kilometers but 10 kilometers. I had about the same feelings as this runner.

1:55 - "He is a hero of the USSR and a hero of Russia."

2:17 - 2007: Its normal for men to do the most difficult things so many people say that being a cosmonaut is a mans job, although women have their advantages.

2:30 - "He was the first to open the hatch on the ISS in 1998."

2:32 - When we arrived the international space station was not yet alive. I was lucky to be in the first assembly flight when in December 1998 the first functional cargo block was launched. A couple of weeks after that, the American module was to be launched on the Shuttle and I was on the Shuttle crew.

2:42 - "He took part in the first long-term expedition to the ISS in 2000. He met the XXI century in the orbit."

2:54 - 2008: Any achievements usually come at the cost of considerable effort. However, the record is not an end in itself. I, for example, did not fly with the goal of exceeding the record again. That is, these efforts are taking shape and some kind of record value is really obtained, but all this is done not to set a record, but to do ones work.

3:19 - "He flew the Russian "Soyuz" and he flew the first of the Russian cosmonauts on the American "Shuttle".

3:25 - The easiest solution was to make an exchange flight. One Russian flew on the "Shuttle" and one American flew on the "Mir". Nobody in America knew how to train professional cosmonauts. How to train Russian nobody knew. We did not know their training system either. Their language we did not know well. It imposed additional obligations on me because I knew that I had nowhere to retreat.

3:48 - On the record, he says: "Good afternoon! Welcome to us aboard the spacecraft."

3:54 - 2009: That happens. If we knew in advance that everyone would always be tested for excellent marks, then maybe it would not be necessary to conduct an exam.

4:00 - Inscription on the building: "Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center."

4:04 - 2010: We have received the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. Of course it needs to be put in order. We need to put in order the equipment, aircraft and infrastructure. And probably we should expand and complement those tasks that could help us.

4:18 - "He has led the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center for five years."

4:25 - 2014: No, this is not a super task; this is probably a lifestyle. I'm interested in doing this. I am interested in working in difficult conditions. I am interested in doing what other people cannot do. And yes. I can do it, but someone cannot do it. I can climb this "mountain", and someone else can not do it. Just as climbers compete with each other and spend their time and energy on it. This people is interesting and therefore they do it.

4:36 - "Today, Sergei Krikalev manages manned programs in the state corporation Roscosmos."

4:50 - 2018: A man must love what he / she does. Therefore, in this sense, I was lucky that the work I was looking for, the work that I performed for many years and continue to do now is the work that I like. This is the work I dreamed of as a child, the work for which I sought in my youth. I have gone through many stages of selection and as a result I have been involved in manned cosmonautics for many years in various positions. I worked at the flight control center, I worked at the Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia, I worked at the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center, I worked as a cosmonaut in orbit, and now I work at Roscosmos. All this is different aspects of one big and beautiful thing that I really like.

5:27 - The International Space Station will operate in orbit until at least 2020. But now we can say that the next step in space will be made from this man-made star.

5:56 - "Time in the universe changes the speed of its movement..." - Sergei Krikalev.





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Old March 29th, 2019 #111
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Default Vostok-5 cosmonaut Valery Bykovsky has died

'Exemplary cosmonaut': World solo spaceflight record-holder Valery Bykovsky dies aged 84

https://www.rt.com/russia/454965-val...-cosmonaut-84/
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Old March 29th, 2019 #112
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Thumbs down nasa schmassa

Quote:
Originally Posted by Ray Allan View Post
'Exemplary cosmonaut': World solo spaceflight record-holder Valery Bykovsky dies aged 84

https://www.rt.com/russia/454965-val...-cosmonaut-84/
RIP V. Bykovsky.


I was finally banned from commenting on NASA's official website today for saying I was proud of close family members who worked on Apollo Program, ey all white Americans it is our achievement. I was a poster on the site since the day it was opened, I was invited there.

Could you imagine a Russky being banned from a government sponsored Russian web forum dedicated to their space programs for saying he was proud of his countrymen being first in space with Yuri Gagarin? And that he was proud to be closely related to the program director and two of the men who built the space capsule?

There were posters on there screeming that the moon landing never happened and that if it did it was the (((world's))) achievement not white americans who are just toothless ignorant hicks and never could have done it alone.

Peecee gone wild man.


PS I wonder if the story I heard about how Gagarin got the scar on his face after his historic flight ...in the act of jumping from one of his mistresses rear windows to avoid being snagged by his wife in a compromising 'position' ...is true.

He surely was a world class character that died before his time.


салют

Last edited by T.Garrett; March 29th, 2019 at 06:44 AM. Reason: added PS ...
 
Old March 29th, 2019 #113
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NASA now means 'Nigger And Spic Astro-naughts' and 'Never A Straight Answer.'
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Old May 17th, 2019 #114
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Old May 28th, 2019 #115
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Default Soyuz rocket struck by lightning but keeps on going

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Old August 30th, 2019 #116
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Talking Can you still take a leak while wearing the suit like Yuri did?


(All spacesuits have a built-in urine collection bag, by the way.)
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Old August 30th, 2019 #117
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Ray Allan View Post
(All spacesuits have a built-in urine collection bag, by the way.)
I wonder how many times they piss in those things, I assume they only do that if the launch is delayed.
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Old October 17th, 2019 #118
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Default For a real rocket man, Cosmonaut #11 Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov

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Old April 15th, 2021 #119
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Fans of space travel, forgive me for such a long absence from this topic.

The publication of documents of Soviet cosmonauts on the website of the Ministry of Defense woke me up from sleep - http://60cosmonauts.mil.ru/





By the way, the city of Gzhatsk in 1968 was renamed the city of Gagarin.

And the city of Orenburg from 1938 to 1957 was called the city of Chkalov.








Autobiography of a cadet of the Klim Voroshilov 1st Chkalov Military Aviation School - Gagarin Yuri Alekseevich

I, Gagarin Yuri Alekseevich, was born on March 9, 1934 in the family of a collective farmer, in the village of Klushino, Gzhatsky district, Smolensk region. In 1941, I entered a primary school in the village of Klushino. But my studies were interrupted by the invasion of the German Nazis. In 1943, I resumed my studies at the same school. In 1945 my family moved to the city of Gzhatsk. There I started basic school and then secondary school. In 1949 I graduated 6th from the grade of this school and entered the Crafts School #10 in the city of Lyubertsy, Moscow Region. In December 1949 I joined the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League [Komsomol.] In 1951 I graduated from the Crafts School #10 with a degree in moulder-caster. In the same year, I graduated from the seventh grade of the School of Working Youth in the city of Lyubertsy and was sent by the Moscow Regional Department of Labor Reserves to study at the Saratov Industrial College. I graduated from this college in 1955 with a degree in foundry, receiving a diploma with honors. While studying in the 4th year of college, I studied at the Saratov Regional Aero Club, which I graduated in 1955. In the same year I was sent and entered to study at the Klim Voroshilov 1st Chkalov Military Aviation School. I was drafted into the army in 1955. In 1957 I graduated from this aviation school in the fighter profile in the first category.







My father:
Gagarin Aleksey Ivanovich was born in 1902. Before the revolution, he was engaged in agriculture, then became a collective farmer. He is disabled person. After the expulsion of the Nazi invaders, he was in the ranks of the Soviet Army. He currently works as a carpenter.

My mother:
Gagarina Anna Timofeevna was born in 1903. Before the revolution, she was engaged in agriculture, after the revolution she is a collective farmer. She is currently disabled and she is a homemaker.

My brother:
Gagarin Valentin Alekseevich was born in 1924. Before the Great Patriotic War, he was a student. During the war, he was captured by the retreating Germans. He escaped from captivity and was a soldier in the ranks of the Soviet Army. He currently works as a carpenter.

My sister:
Bruevich Zoya Alekseevna was born in 1927. Before the war she was a student. During the war, she was captured by the retreating Germans. She fled from captivity and until the end of the Great Patriotic War was in the ranks of the Soviet Army. She currently works as a nurse in a hospital in the city of Gzhatsk.

My brother:
Gagarin Boris Alekseevich was born in 1936. He is currently in the ranks of the Soviet Army.

I and my relatives were not brought to justice, civil and electoral rights were not deprived. None of my relatives and friends are abroad. Currently my home address is: Smolensk region, the city of Gzhatsk, Leningradskaya street, house #47.

Signed - Gagarin

October 28, 1957






----------------------------------------------------------






Published on August 30, 2018










Published on September 5, 2018




On September 6, 2010, a branch of FSUE TsENKI, the "Vostochny" Space Center was established. The space center "Vostochny" are the objects of the most modern and promising cosmodrome in Russia.


00:50 - The Space Center "Vostochny" is 8 years old. It's only begining!









Published on September 10, 2018











Published on October 3, 2018





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Old April 17th, 2021 #120
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Thanks for the new material, Alex. Being the 60th anniversary of Gagarin's flight was a few days ago, his short autobiography was interesting. Of all the information I have read about him throughout my life, I didn't know he was trained as a foundry worker prior to becoming a pilot and cosmonaut.

Of all the original group who made Vostok flights, only Valentina Tereshkova is still living at age 84.
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